सामाजिक सुरक्षा योजना | Shielding Hope: Embracing Change with Samajik Suraksha Yojana| 2023
भारतात सामाजिक सुरक्षा योजना
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सामाजिक सुरक्षा योजना या अशा योजना आहेत ज्यात सरकार अशा लोकांना आर्थिक सहाय्य देण्याचा प्रयत्न करते ज्यांचे उत्पन्न नाही किंवा अपुरे उत्पन्न आहे. भारतात अशा अनेक योजना आहेत ज्या सामाजिक सुरक्षा योजना म्हणून चालवल्या जातात. इंटरनॅशनल लेबर ऑर्गनायझेशनच्या मते, “सामाजिक सुरक्षा ही अशी सुरक्षा आहे जी समाज, योग्य संस्थांद्वारे, काही घटना आणि जोखीम टाळण्यासाठी प्रदान करते जे तिच्या सदस्यांना होऊ शकते. हे धोके म्हणजे रोग, मातृत्व, अपंगत्व, वृद्धत्व आणि मृत्यू. या अनिश्चिततेचे वैशिष्ट्य म्हणजे त्या व्यक्तीला स्वत:ची आणि त्याच्या कुटुंबाची देखभाल करण्यासाठी नियोक्त्यांद्वारे सुरक्षा प्रदान केली जावी.
सामाजिक सुरक्षा योजनांतर्गत खालील गोष्टींचा समावेश करण्यात आला आहे.
1. अनिवार्य सामाजिक विमा,
2. ऐच्छिक सामाजिक विम्याचे काही प्रकार,
3. सरकारी कर्मचाऱ्यांसाठी काही विशेष योजना जसे की बोनस, भविष्य निर्वाह निधी,
४. कौटुंबिक भत्ता,
5. सामाजिक सहाय्य,
6. सार्वजनिक आरोग्य सेवा.
सामाजिक सुरक्षा योजनेसाठी खालील घटक आवश्यक आहेत:
1. योजनेचा उद्देश रोगाचा प्रतिबंध किंवा उपचार किंवा अनावधानाने होणार्‍या नुकसानापासून संरक्षण करण्यासाठी उत्पन्नाची हमी असणे आवश्यक आहे ज्यातून श्रमावर अवलंबून असलेल्या व्यक्तीला फायदा होऊ शकतो.
2. ही प्रणाली एका विशिष्ट कायद्यांतर्गत अंमलात आणली गेली पाहिजे जी सरकारी, निम-सरकारी संस्था, गैर-सरकारी संस्थांना वैयक्तिक हक्क आणि जबाबदाऱ्यांबद्दल सामाजिक सुरक्षा सुविधा प्रदान करण्यास बाध्य करते.
3. ही प्रणाली सरकारी, निमशासकीय आणि गैर-सरकारी संस्थांद्वारे प्रशासित असावी.
4. सुरक्षेचे योग्य नियमन करण्यासाठी, कर्मचार्‍यांना उपलब्ध सुविधांवर विश्वास असणे आवश्यक आहे की सामाजिक सुरक्षा सेवा अंतर्गत केलेल्या तरतुदी त्यांच्यासाठी आवश्यकतेनुसार उपलब्ध असतील आणि त्यांची गुणवत्ता आणि प्रमाण पुरेसे असेल.
हे कायदे भारतात सामाजिक संबंधित सुविधा पुरवण्यासाठी केले गेले आहेत:
१) कर्मचारी भविष्य निर्वाह निधी अधिनियम, १९५२
(२) कोळसा खाणी भविष्य निर्वाह निधी आणि विविध तरतुदी कायदा, १९४८
(३) कामगार भरपाई दुरुस्ती, १९८४
(४) मातृत्व लाभ कायदा, १९६१
(5) राज्य विमा दुरुस्ती कायदा, 1984
(६) कर्मचारी भविष्य निर्वाह निधी आणि विविध व्यवस्था अधिनियम, १९५२
(७) वृद्धापकाळ निवृत्ती वेतन योजना
(8) ग्रॅशिया दुरुस्ती कायदा, 1984 चे पेमेंट
(९) सामाजिक सुरक्षा प्रमाणपत्र, १९८२
(१०) कर्मचारी राज्य विमा कायदा, १९४८ इ.
भारतात सामाजिक सुरक्षिततेसाठी कोण पात्र
वयाची ६० वर्षे पूर्ण केल्यानंतर, लाभार्थ्याला किमान मासिक विमा निवृत्ती वेतन रु. 3000/- मिळण्यास पात्र आहेत. लाभार्थीच्या मृत्यूनंतर, जोडीदार मासिक पेन्शनच्या 50% साठी पात्र आहे. जर पती आणि पत्नी दोघेही या योजनेत सामील झाले तर ते रु. 6000/- मासिक पेन्शन संयुक्तपणे.
तत्सम विषयावरील अधिक माहितीसाठी कृपया खालील लिंकवर क्लिक करा – https://digiknowledge.co
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